Compressive behavior and the tension-compression fatigue response of resin transfer molded IM7 PW/PR 500 composite laminate with a circular notch have been studied. Fatigue damage characteristics have been investigated through the changes in the laminate strength and stiffness by gradually incrementing the fatigue cycles at a preselected load level. Progressive damage in the surface of the laminate during fatigue has been investigated using cellulose replicas. Failure mechanisms during static and cyclic tests have been identified and presented in detail. Extensive debonding of filaments and complete fiber bundle fracture accompanied by delamination were found to be responsible for fatigue failures, while fiber buckling, partial fiber fracture and delamination were characterized as the failure modes during static tests. Weibull analysis of the static, cyclic and residual tests have been performed and described in detail. Fractured as well as untested specimens were C-scanned, and the progressive damage growth during fatigue is presented. Optical Microscopy (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for the fractured specimen were also performed and the analysis of the failure behavior is presented.

1.
Bakis, C. E., and Stinchcomb, W. W., 1986, “Response of Thick, Notched Laminates Subjected to Tension-Compression Cyclic Loads,” Composite Materials Fatigue and Fracture, ASTM STP 907, H. T. Hahn, ed. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, pp. 314–334.
2.
Ratwani, M. M., and Kan, H. P., 1982, “Effect of Stacking Sequence on Damage Propagation and Failure Mode in Composite Laminates,” Damage in Composite Materials, ASTM STP 775, K. L. Reifsnider, American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 211–228.
3.
Whitcomb, J. D., 1981, “Experimental and Analytical Study of Fatigue Damage in Notched Graphite/Epoxy Laminates,” Fatigue of Fibrous Composite Materials, ASTM STP 723, American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 48–63.
4.
Swin, M. H., 1992, “Monitoring Small-Crack Growth by the Replication Method,” Small Crack Test Methods, ASTM STP 1149, J. E. Allison, eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, pp. 34–56.
5.
Haque
A.
, and
Jeelani
S.
,
1992
, “
Environmental Effects on the Compressive Properties: Thermosetting vs. Thermoplastic Composites
,”
Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites
, Vol.
11
-February, pp.
146
157
.
6.
Haque, A., Krighnagopalan, J., and Jeelani, S., 1993, “Fatigue Damage in Laminated Composites,” Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 12-October.
7.
Tomioka, H., and Wada, H., 1993, “Fatigue Strength of Graphite/Epoxy Laminates,” Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Composite Materials (ICCM/9), Madrid, July, 12–16.
8.
Lagace, P. A., and Bonello, K. J., 1991, “Damage Accumulation in Graphite/Epoxy Laminates Due to Cyclic Gradient Stress Fields,” Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Composite Materials (IICM/8) Honolulu, July, 15–19.
9.
Tan
S. C.
, and
Perez
J.
,
1993
, “
Progressive Failure of Laminated Composites With a Hole Under Compressive Loading
,”
Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites
, Vol.
12
-Oct. pp.
1043
1057
.
10.
Philips, E. P., 1981, 1981, “Fatigue of Fibrous Composite Materials,” ASTM STP 723, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1981, pp. 197–212.
11.
Millen, H. R., Ulman, D. A., Reifsnider, K. L., Bronen, R. D., Stinchcomb, W. W., and Liechti, K. M.,“Cumulative Damage Model for Advanced Composite Materials,” Final Technical Report (Phase II), AFWAL-TR-84-4007, Materials Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, March, 1984.
12.
Reifsnider, K. L., Schutle, K., and Duke, J. C, Long Term Behavior of Composites, ASTM STP 813, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1983, pp. 136–151.
13.
Rosenfield, M. S., and Gause, L. W., Fatigue of Fibrous Composite Materials, ASTM STP 723, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1981, pp. 174–196.
14.
Reden, J. T., and Walken, E. K., “The Effect of Compressive Loading on the Fatigue Lifetime of Graphite/Epoxy Laminates,” AFML-TR-79–4128, Final Technical Report, Air Force Materials Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, Oct. 1979.
15.
Whitney, J. M., Long-Term Behavior of Composites, ASTM STP 813, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1983, pp. 225–245.
16.
Sehoeppner
G. A.
, and
Sierakowski
R. L.
, “
A Review of Compression Test Methods for Organic Matrix Composites
,”
Journal of Composite Technology and Research
, JC TR,
1990
, Vol.
12
(
1
), pp.
3
12
.
17.
Berg, J. S., and Adams, D. F., 1988, “An Evaluation of Composite Material Compression Test Methods,” Composite Materials Research Group, University of Wyoming, Report UW-CMRG-R-88-106 (June).
18.
Adsit, N. R., Compression Testing of Homogeneous Materials and Composites, STP 808, R. Chait and R. Paprino, eds. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1983, pp. 175–186.
19.
Clark, R. K., and Lisagore, W. B., Test Methods and Design Allowable for Fibrous Composites, STP 734, C. C. Chamis, ed. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1981, pp. 34–53.
20.
Whitney, J. M., Daniel, I. M., and Pipes, R. B., “Experimental Mechanics of Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials,” SESA Monograph No. 4, 1st edition, Brookfield Center, Connecticut.
21.
Black, N. F., and Stinchcomb, W. W., Long-Term Behavior of Composites, STP 813, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1983, pp. 95–115.
22.
Ulman, D. A., Bruner, R. D., Owens, S. D., and Miller, H. R., “Damage Accumulation in Composites,” Final Technical Report, AFWAL-TR-85-3070. Flight Dynamics Laboratory Wright-Paterson AFL, OH. March, 1984.
23.
Bakis, C. E., and Stinchcomb, W. W., Composite Materials Fatigue and Fracture, STP 907, H. T. Hahn, ed. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1986, pp. 314–334.
24.
Simonds, R. A., Bakes, C. E., and Stinchcomb, W. W., “Effect of Matrix Toughness on Fatigue Response of Graphite Fiber Composite Laminates,” Composite Materials and Fatigue and Fracture (2nd Symposium) STP 1012, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1989.
25.
Chamis
C. C.
, and
Sinclair
J. H.
,
Journal of Composites Technology and Research
, Vol.
7
, No.
9
, Winter,
1985
, pp.
129
135
.
26.
Ryder, J. T., and Walker, E. K., “Effect of Compression on Fatigue Properties of a Quasi-Isotropic Graphite/Epoxy Composite,” ASTM STP 636, 1977, pp. 3–26.
27.
Mahfuz
H.
,
Xue
D.
, and
Jeelani
S.
, “
Response of SiC-Coated Carbon/Carbon Composites to Tensile Loading at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures—An Experimental and Finite Element Study
,”
Composites Science and Technology
, Vol.
50
, No.
4
, (
1994
), pp.
411
422
.
28.
Mahfuz, H., Das, P., and Jeelani, S., “Effect of Mission Cycling on the Fatigue Performance of SiC-coated Carbon-Carbon Composites,” Int. J. of Fatigue 15 No. 4 (1993) pp. 283–291.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.